With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, the impact of large-scale application of robots on the labor market is becoming increasingly significant. This paper empirically examines the impact of robot application on the employment quality of rural migrant workers using robot data provided by the International Federation of Robotics and data from the China Labor-Force Dynamics Survey. The results show that the application of robots significantly improves the employment quality of rural migrant workers, and the effects of reducing work intensity, improving work stability, and enhancing welfare levels are more pronounced. Robot application can improve the employment quality by increasing skill demand, improving productivity, and promoting industrial synergy and agglomeration. Robot application has more positive effects on more educated, new-generation, non-manual labor and those who live in higher internet development regions. The extended analysis reveals that robot application lead to a shift from cognitive to non-cognitive skills, and that the impact on rural migrant workers with better thinking skills, social skills and communication skills is larger. This paper provides empirical evidence for actively promoting the "AI+" initiative, comprehensively improving the employment quality of rural migrant workers, and promoting common prosperity.